{"id":154,"date":"2011-01-02T13:20:43","date_gmt":"2011-01-02T18:20:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wordpress.morningside.edu\/meyersh\/?p=154"},"modified":"2011-01-03T00:01:21","modified_gmt":"2011-01-03T05:01:21","slug":"little-godel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wordpress.morningside.edu\/meyersh\/2011\/01\/02\/little-godel\/","title":{"rendered":"Little G\u00f6del"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>One day, little G\u00f6del went to class. For whatever reason&#8212;perhaps, an unhappy love affair or a bad hangover&#8212;little G\u00f6del&#8217;s teacher did not feel like teaching. Instead, he instructed the class to sum all of the integers to one hundred, that is, to calculate <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%5Csum_%7Bi%3D1%7D%5E%7B100%7D&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"&#92;sum_{i=1}^{100}\" class=\"latex\" \/>.<\/p>\n<p>The teacher correctly expected most of the class to do what I now consider the most inefficient method of performing this operation; they started as follows:<\/p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=1%2B2+%3D+3%5C%5C%3Cbr+%2F%3E+3+%2B+3+%3D+6%5C%5C%3Cbr+%2F%3E+4+%2B+6+%3D+10%5C%5C%3Cbr+%2F%3E+...&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"1+2 = 3&#92;&#92;&lt;br \/&gt; 3 + 3 = 6&#92;&#92;&lt;br \/&gt; 4 + 6 = 10&#92;&#92;&lt;br \/&gt; ...\" class=\"latex\" \/>\n<p>At about this point, little G\u00f6del walks up to his school master and writes 5025 on the chalk board and proclaims, &#8220;I&#8217;m done!&#8221; Perplexed by the rapidity with which little G\u00f6del solved this problem, the instructor inquires him to &#8220;show his work&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>Little G\u00f6del goes on to illustrate that while thinking about the problem he realized that<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=100+%2B+0+%3D+100%5C%5C%3Cbr+%2F%3E+99+%2B+1+%3D+100%5C%5C%3Cbr+%2F%3E+98+%2B+2+%3D+100%5C%5C%3Cbr+%2F%3E+97+%2B+3+%3D+100%5C%5C%3Cbr+%2F%3E+...%5C%5C%3Cbr+%2F%3E+51+%2B+49+%3D+100&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"100 + 0 = 100&#92;&#92;&lt;br \/&gt; 99 + 1 = 100&#92;&#92;&lt;br \/&gt; 98 + 2 = 100&#92;&#92;&lt;br \/&gt; 97 + 3 = 100&#92;&#92;&lt;br \/&gt; ...&#92;&#92;&lt;br \/&gt; 51 + 49 = 100\" class=\"latex\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;This means we have <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=50%2A100&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"50*100\" class=\"latex\" \/> or <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7Dn%2An&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"&#92;frac{1}{2}n*n\" class=\"latex\" \/> 100&#8217;s to sum. But summing the same number over and over is <em>multiplication<\/em>, that&#8217;s easy! However we can&#8217;t add 50 to anything&#8211;there is no other number between 0 and <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=n&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"n\" class=\"latex\" \/> that hasn&#8217;t been used which will sum to 100. Therefore, at the end of our multiplying spree we must add 50 or <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7Dn&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"&#92;frac{1}{2}n\" class=\"latex\" \/>.<\/p>\n<p>Therefore, the sum must be <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7Dn+%2A+n+%2B+%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7Dn&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"&#92;frac{1}{2}n * n + &#92;frac{1}{2}n\" class=\"latex\" \/>.&#8221; He quickly simplifies this equation to<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%5Csum_%7Bi%3D1%7D%5E%7Bn%7D+%3D+%5Cfrac%7Bn%5E2+%2B+n%7D%7B2%7D&#038;bg=ffffff&#038;fg=000&#038;s=0&#038;c=20201002\" alt=\"&#92;sum_{i=1}^{n} = &#92;frac{n^2 + n}{2}\" class=\"latex\" \/><\/p>\n<p>We all learned something that day! Too bad about the teacher, though.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>One day, little G\u00f6del went to class. For whatever reason&#8212;perhaps, an unhappy love affair or a bad hangover&#8212;little G\u00f6del&#8217;s teacher did not feel like teaching. Instead, he instructed the class to sum all of the integers to one hundred, that is, to calculate . The teacher correctly expected most of the class to do what &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wordpress.morningside.edu\/meyersh\/2011\/01\/02\/little-godel\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Little G\u00f6del&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[4057],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-154","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-maths","entry"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p16T7G-2u","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.morningside.edu\/meyersh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/154","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.morningside.edu\/meyersh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.morningside.edu\/meyersh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.morningside.edu\/meyersh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.morningside.edu\/meyersh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=154"}],"version-history":[{"count":36,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.morningside.edu\/meyersh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/154\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":202,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.morningside.edu\/meyersh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/154\/revisions\/202"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.morningside.edu\/meyersh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=154"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.morningside.edu\/meyersh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=154"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.morningside.edu\/meyersh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=154"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}